The theory of multiple intelligences was devised by psychologist Howard Gardner US as a counterweight to the paradigm of a single intelligence . Gardner proposed that human life requires the development of various types of intelligence. So, Gardner does not conflict with the scientific definition of intelligence as "the ability to solve problems or make valuable assets ."
Howard Gardner 's research has identified and define up to eight different types of intelligence. Let us know in more detail each of the intelligences proposed by the theory of multiple intelligences Gardner following manner.
linguistic intelligence
The ability to master the language and to communicate with others is transversal to all cultures . From small we learn to use the native language to be able to communicate effectively.
Linguistic intelligence not only refers to the ability for oral communication , but other forms of communication such as writing , gestures , etc.
Who better dominate this ability to communicate have superior linguistic intelligence . Professions in which emphasizes this kind of intelligence could be politicians, writers , poets , journalists ...
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logical-mathematical intelligence
For decades , the logical-mathematical intelligence was considered the raw intelligence . He assumed the main axis of the concept of intelligence, and was used as a benchmark to detect how smart was a person.
As its name implies, this type of intelligence is linked to the ability for logical reasoning and mathematical problem solving . The speed to solve these problems is the indicator that determines how much logical-mathematical intelligence have.
spatial intelligence
The ability to observe the world and objects from different perspectives is related to this type of intelligence , with outstanding chess players and professionals in the visual arts (painters , designers , sculptors ... ) .
People who excel in this intelligence often have skills that allow them to devise mental images , drawing and detect details, plus a personal sense of aesthetics . In this intelligence are painters , photographers , designers , publicists , architects, creative ...
Musical intelligence
Music is a universal art . All cultures have some form of music, more or less elaborate , leading to Gardner and his colleagues understand that there is a latent musical intelligence in everyone .
Some areas of the brain perform functions related to music performance and composition . Like any other type of intelligence, you can train and improve .
Needless to say that the most advantaged in this kind of intelligence are those capable of playing instruments, reading and composing musical pieces easily.
body and kinesthetic intelligence
Body and motor skills required to handle tools or to express certain emotions are an essential aspect in the development of all cultures in history.
The ability to use tools bodily kinesthetic intelligence is considered . Moreover , there is a more intuitive abilities followed by the use of body intelligence to express feelings through the body.
They are especially bright in this type of intelligence dancers, actors , athletes, and even plastic surgeons and creators , because they all have to rationally use their physical abilities.
interpersonal intelligence
Interpersonal intelligence enables us to warn others things beyond what our senses fail to capture . It is an intelligence that allows us to interpret the words or gestures , or the objectives and goals of each speech. Beyond the Introversion - extraversion continuum , interpersonal intelligence assesses the ability to empathize with others .
It is a very valuable intelligence for people who work with large groups. Its ability to detect and understand the circumstances and problems of others is easier if you have ( and developed ) interpersonal intelligence . Teachers , psychologists , therapists , lawyers and educators are profiles that usually rate very high in this type of intelligence described in the theory of multiple intelligences .
naturalist intelligence
Naturalistic intelligence to detect , differentiate and categorize aspects related to nature, such as animal and plant species or weather-related phenomena , geography or natural phenomena .
This kind of intelligence was later added to the original study on Multiple Intelligences Gardner, specifically in 1995. Gardner considered necessary to include this category because it is one of the essential intelligence for the survival of the human ( or other species) which it has resulted in evolution.
